月度归档：10 月 2024

Pneumatic conveying of solids

• Solids conveying is a chemical unit operation that is important in chemical production. In chemical production, many kinds of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are in a solid state and need to be transported from one place to another.
• The transportation of solid materials must ensure efficiency and maintain the quality of the materials. In the solid conveying area, under the action of the rotating screw, the solid polymer material added from the hopper is transported and compacted forward through the friction between the inner wall of the barrel and the surface of the screw.
• In the solid conveying area, due to the lower temperature, the material still remains in a solid state and is gradually solidified.
• At the same time, the gas mixed in the loose material is eliminated.

pneumatic conveying of solids

Pneumatic conveyor working principle

• The working principle of the pneumatic conveyor is to use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials in the direction of air flow in a closed pipe. ‌
• This process is a specific application of fluidization technology, which uses pressurized air as the transport medium to transport materials from one place to another.
• ‌Basic Principle‌: Pneumatic conveyors use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials from one place to another through closed pipes.
• This conveying method can be carried out in horizontal, vertical or inclined directions, and during the conveying process, physical operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air flow classification of materials or certain chemical operations can be performed simultaneously.
• ‌System composition‌: Pneumatic conveying system usually consists of feeder, conveying pipeline, separator and ‌material warehouse.
• The feeder is responsible for feeding materials into the conveying pipeline, which is the main channel for material transmission.
• The separator is used to separate the transported gas and materials, and the material warehouse is the storage location of the materials.

pneumatic conveying of solids

Dilute phase pneumatic conveying system calculation

• ‌The calculation of dilute phase pneumatic conveying system mainly involves the determination of parameters such as gas flow rate, pipe diameter, conveying speed and pressure drop. ‌
• Gas flow calculation
• ‌Definition‌: Gas flow refers to the flow of gas through the pipeline system, in cubic meters/hour.
• ‌Key parameters‌: Q (gas flow rate), A (cross-sectional area), V (gas flow rate), Y (transport rate).
• ‌Explanation‌: The calculation of gas flow rate is the basis for the design of dilute-phase pneumatic conveying system and directly affects the conveying efficiency and cost‌.
• Pipe diameter calculation
• ‌Definition‌: Pipe diameter refers to the inner diameter of the delivery pipe, in millimeters.
• ‌Key parameters‌: D (pipe diameter), Q (gas flow rate), V (gas flow rate).
• ‌Note‌: The selection of pipe diameter requires comprehensive consideration of gas flow, transportation distance and speed, as well as cost factors‌.
• Conveying speed calculation
• ‌Definition‌: Conveying speed refers to the average speed of materials in dilute phase pneumatic conveying, in meters per second.
• ‌Key parameters‌: V (conveying speed), Q (gas flow rate), A (cross-sectional area), Y (conveying rate), ρ (material density).
• ‌Note‌: The calculation of the conveying speed needs to consider the physical properties of the material and the gas flow rate, which has an important impact on the conveying efficiency and stability.
• Pressure drop calculation
• ‌Definition‌: Pressure drop refers to the pressure drop caused by frictional resistance, pipeline bending and other factors in the gas transportation pipeline.
• ‌Key parameters‌: ΔP (pressure drop), f (friction coefficient), L (pipe length), D (pipe diameter), Q (gas flow rate), A (cross-sectional area).
• ‌Note‌: The calculation of pressure drop is crucial for evaluating the energy consumption and efficiency of the conveying system, and the comprehensive impact of multiple factors needs to be considered‌.

pneumatic conveying of solids

What are the different modes of pneumatic conveying?

• ‌There are four main modes of pneumatic conveying: suction type, pressure type, mixed type and flow type. ‌
• ‌Suction pneumatic conveying‌: This mode uses air flow with a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure to convey materials. Its advantages include a simple feeder, the ability to convey from multiple places to one place, and the ability to convey from low and narrow places. However, the conveying distance and conveying volume of suction pneumatic conveying are limited, the sealing performance is required to be high, and the conveyed air needs to be processed before it can enter the fan and be exhausted.
• ‌Pressure-feed pneumatic conveying‌: Contrary to suction conveying, pressure-feed pneumatic conveying uses air flow with a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure to transport materials. Its main advantages include the ability to transport from one place to multiple places, long transport distance, high height, large transport capacity and high efficiency. However, pressure-feed pneumatic conveying consumes a lot of power, has high sealing requirements, and has a complex feeder structure.
• ‌Hybrid pneumatic conveying‌: This mode combines the characteristics of suction and pressure conveying. It can not only suck materials from multiple places, but also transport materials to multiple places, and the conveying distance is long. However, the hybrid pneumatic conveying device is more complex, and the passage of material-containing gas through the fan will accelerate the wear of the fan.
• ‌Flow pneumatic conveying‌: This is a modified form of pneumatic conveying. The material exhibits fluid-like properties during the conveying process. Its advantages include good maneuverability, high speed and stability, good continuity, and efficient containerization. Streaming pneumatic conveying is suitable for conveying large quantities of materials.

Pneumatic conveying pump

Pneumatic conveying pump is an emerging science and technology that uses pressurized pipe flow to convey powdery and granular objects. Because it has high productivity, simple structure, can be raised and lowered, and is easy to operate, it can be transported over long distances regardless of weather and location. During the transportation process, process operations such as converging, diverting, mixing, crushing, grading, drying, cooling and dust removal, and chemical reactions can be performed. The closed process not only ensures that the items are not damp, stained, or mixed with foreign matter, but also meets the requirements of environmental protection.

Vacuum pump for pneumatic conveying

• A vacuum pump refers to a device or equipment that uses mechanical, physical, chemical or physical chemical methods to evacuate the pumped container to obtain a vacuum. Generally speaking, a vacuum pump is a device that uses various methods to improve, generate and maintain vacuum in a closed space.
• According to the working principle of vacuum pumps, vacuum pumps can basically be divided into two types, namely gas collection pumps and gas transfer pumps. It is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, food, electronic coating and other industries.

What is pneumatic conveying ？

• Pneumatic conveying is a technology that uses airflow to transport materials through pipes‌. It uses compressed air to push bulk materials to move in the direction of air flow in the pipeline to realize material transportation. The pneumatic conveying device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can convey materials horizontally, vertically or inclined, and can simultaneously perform operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air flow classification during the conveying process.
• The working principle of pneumatic conveying is to use the kinetic energy of the air flow to make the bulk materials move along the pipeline with the air flow in a suspended state. According to the direction and pressure of the air flow, pneumatic conveying can be divided into suction type, pressure feeding type and mixed type. The suction type uses an exhaust fan to create a vacuum, so that the material is sucked into the pipeline; the pressure type uses a blower to press air into the pipeline, and the material is transported along with the air flow; the hybrid type is a combination of the above two methods.
• Pneumatic conveying has a wide range of applications, including foundry, chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials, grain processing and storage, shipbuilding, machine manufacturing and transportation. Due to its high efficiency, small footprint, economical and environmentally friendly characteristics, pneumatic conveying has become an indispensable technology in many industrial fields.
• The advantages of pneumatic conveying include high efficiency, small footprint, economical and environmentally friendly. It can continuously convey loose materials, and the process is closed and is not affected by climate and environment. In addition, pneumatic conveying can also perform multiple process operations at the same time, such as crushing, drying, grading, etc., to improve production efficiency and reduce worker labor intensity.

How does pneumatic conveying system work ?

• The working principle of the pneumatic conveying system is to use the flow kinetic energy generated by the high-speed flowing air in the conveying pipeline to suspend the particles, and then transport the granules from one place to another under the promotion of the kinetic energy of the air flow.
• The pneumatic conveying system mainly consists of the following parts:
• ‌Feeder‌: Responsible for adding materials to the conveying pipeline.
• ‌Conveyor pipe‌: Connects various components to realize material transportation.
• ‌Separator‌: Separates materials from the air flow.
• ‌Air Dust Collector‌: Removes dust in the airflow to ensure clean airflow.
• ‌Fan or vacuum pump‌: Provides power to make air flow in the pipe‌.
• Pneumatic conveying systems can be divided into several types according to the conveying method:
• ‌Pressure feeding type‌ (positive pressure transportation): The gas pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, suitable for long-distance transportation.
• ‌Suction type‌ (negative pressure transportation): The gas pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, suitable for short-distance transportation.
• ‌Hybrid type‌: Combining the advantages of positive pressure and negative pressure transportation, it is suitable for complex working conditions.
• ‌Flow conveying‌: A variant of material suspension conveying, suitable for specific materials‌.

Types of pneumatic pumps

• ‌Pneumatic pumps are mainly divided into the following categories: pneumatic gas pumps, pneumatic diaphragm pumps and pneumatic micro pumps. ‌
• Pneumatic gas pump‌:
• Pneumatic gas pumps are mainly used for high-pressure gas boosting and can produce high-pressure gas up to 90Mpa. It can pressurize most gases such as hydrogen, air, nitrogen, and natural gas.
• The characteristics of this pump include the ability to pressurize most gases, including corrosive gases (the internal core is made of stainless steel), a large pressure test range, low operating sound, no need for any power supply, and is suitable for flammable and explosive gases.
• Pneumatic diaphragm pump‌:
• The pneumatic diaphragm pump is a new type of conveying machinery that uses compressed air as the power source and is suitable for various corrosive liquids, liquids with particles, high viscosity, volatile, flammable, and highly toxic liquids.
• This kind of pump is made of a variety of materials, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, polypropylene, PVDF, etc., and uses different rubber or plastic materials according to different liquid media to meet the needs of different users.
• Pneumatic micro pump‌:
• Pneumatic micropumps are small in size, light in weight, and easy to carry. They are suitable for occasions that require smaller gas flow or space restrictions.

Pneumatic conveying pump diagram

Pneumatic conveying pump manufacturers

• Since its establishment in the early 1990s, Longgu Heavy Industry has become a diversified machinery enterprise integrating fan and pneumatic conveying equipment system engineering. Our company has advanced computer-aided design and manufacturing, CNC machining technology, and adopts information technologies such as computer-aided design and CAPPCT to improve product design and manufacturing accuracy and shorten the design and manufacturing cycle.
• Shandong Longgu Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd. has imported advanced and high-precision machining equipment from many countries, including fully automatic machining centers, CNC boring and milling machines, and dynamic balancing instruments. It has a high-level, large-scale, and modern mechanical processing and manufacturing workshop.
• The company has completed the implementation and control of its internal quality management system, achieving independent quality control of products from research and development design to finished product delivery. It has established and improved a full process self-control system from design and production to quality, installation, and service, providing sufficient basis and reliable guarantee for the stability and durability of products.
• We have cooperated with higher education institutions such as Shandong University, Shandong University of Technology, and Southwest University of Technology to strengthen the research and development of key core technologies. We have overcome technical difficulties and developed new products such as diesel engine driven Roots blowers, water-cooled dual tank Roots blowers, and low-noise Roots blowers, filling multiple industry gaps.
• At present, our company's main products include LGSR three leaf Roots blower, LGSR-V Roots vacuum pump, LGSR-H high-pressure blower series, bipolar series high-pressure, gas pressurized explosion-proof, pneumatic conveying series fans, steam compressors, LGMJ dense series fans, rotary fans, centrifugal fans, etc.
• Our company's products are widely used in industries such as sewage treatment, pneumatic conveying, vacuum packaging, grain processing, electricity, petrochemicals, cement, mining, and special gas pressurized conveying.
• We have close cooperative relationships with top domestic enterprises such as Sande Group, COFCO Group, and Shanshui Cement. Our company's sales outlets and after-sales service centers are located throughout the country and exported to countries such as Malaysia, India, Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, etc.

Pneumatic conveying system working principle

• The working principle of the pneumatic conveying system is to use the flow kinetic energy generated by high-speed flowing air to suspend particles, and then transport the granules from one place to another under the push of the air flow.
• Specifically, the pneumatic conveying system uses compressed air or other gases as the conveying medium to form a gas-solid two-phase flow in a closed pipeline, so that the material moves in the pipeline along the direction of the air flow.
• This conveying method can be used for horizontal, vertical or inclined conveying, and can simultaneously perform heating, cooling, drying and other operations of materials during the conveying process.

Types of pneumatic conveying system

• Pneumatic conveying systems can be divided according to different classification standards, mainly including the following types:
• ‌Divided by conveying pressure‌: positive pressure, negative pressure, combined positive and negative pressure systems.
• ‌Divided by transportation form‌: ‌Dilute phase, dense phase, semi-dense phase and other systems.
• ‌Divided by type‌: ‌suction type, ‌pressure type, ‌mixing type and ‌circulation type.
• According to the air flow speed in the conveying pipeline, it is divided into: suspended flow and plug flow.
• ‌Divided by sending device‌: ‌mechanical type and ‌barrel pressure type.
• ‌Divided according to the configuration of the transportation pipe: single pipe transportation and ‌double pipe transportation.
• ‌Divided according to the gas source supply method: continuous gas supply and pulse gas supply.

Pneumatic conveying system diagram

Pneumatic conveying system manufacturer

• Since its establishment in the early 1990s, Longgu Heavy Industry has become a diversified machinery enterprise integrating fan and pneumatic conveying equipment system engineering. Our company has advanced computer-aided design and manufacturing, CNC machining technology, and adopts information technologies such as computer-aided design and CAPPCT to improve product design and manufacturing accuracy and shorten the design and manufacturing cycle.
• Shandong Longgu Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd. has imported advanced and high-precision machining equipment from many countries, including fully automatic machining centers, CNC boring and milling machines, and dynamic balancing instruments. It has a high-level, large-scale, and modern mechanical processing and manufacturing workshop.
• The company has completed the implementation and control of its internal quality management system, achieving independent quality control of products from research and development design to finished product delivery. It has established and improved a full process self-control system from design and production to quality, installation, and service, providing sufficient basis and reliable guarantee for the stability and durability of products.
• We have cooperated with higher education institutions such as Shandong University, Shandong University of Technology, and Southwest University of Technology to strengthen the research and development of key core technologies. We have overcome technical difficulties and developed new products such as diesel engine driven Roots blowers, water-cooled dual tank Roots blowers, and low-noise Roots blowers, filling multiple industry gaps.
• At present, our company's main products include LGSR three leaf Roots blower, LGSR-V Roots vacuum pump, LGSR-H high-pressure blower series, bipolar series high-pressure, gas pressurized explosion-proof, pneumatic conveying series fans, steam compressors, LGMJ dense series fans, rotary fans, centrifugal fans, etc.
• Our company's products are widely used in industries such as sewage treatment, pneumatic conveying, vacuum packaging, grain processing, electricity, petrochemicals, cement, mining, and special gas pressurized conveying.
• We have close cooperative relationships with top domestic enterprises such as Sande Group, COFCO Group, and Shanshui Cement. Our company's sales outlets and after-sales service centers are located throughout the country and exported to countries such as Malaysia, India, Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, etc.

How does pneumatic conveying work?

• The working principle of pneumatic conveying is to use the flow kinetic energy generated by high-speed flowing air to suspend particles, and then transport the granules from one place to another under the push of the air flow. Pneumatic conveying can be divided into two forms: dilute phase conveying and dense phase conveying.
• In dilute phase transportation, the solid content is lower than 1-10kg/m³, the operating gas speed is high (about 18~30m/s), and the transportation distance is generally within 300m. Mature equipment such as material seal pumps are simple to operate, have no mechanical rotating parts, have low delivery pressure and are maintenance-free‌1. In dense phase transportation, when the solid content is 10-30kg/m³ or the solid-to-gas ratio is greater than 25, the operating air speed is low, and higher air pressure is used for conveying. The conveying distance can reach more than 500m, but the equipment has many valves and the conveying pressure is high. , all pipes must be made of wear-resistant materials.
• Pneumatic conveyor is a device that uses gas flow to drive materials for transportation. It can be divided into two forms: pressure transportation and vacuum transportation. Pressure conveying is to compress air or other gases into high-pressure gas through equipment such as compressors, and then transport it through pipelines to the materials that need to be transported. The materials will flow along the pipelines with the air flow and be transported to the target location. Vacuum conveying is a process in which negative pressure is established in the conveying pipeline to form a vacuum environment, and the material is extracted from one point to another by adsorbing or grabbing it.

Pneumatic transfer system

The pneumatic pipeline logistics transmission system consists of air compressors, pipelines, pipeline commutators, etc. Its basic purpose is to transport items. The working principle is that the air compressor extracts and compresses air as power.

pneumatic transfer system

Pneumatic conveyor working principle

• The working principle of the pneumatic conveyor is to use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials in the direction of air flow in a closed pipe. ‌This process is a specific application of fluidization technology, which uses pressurized air as the transport medium to transport materials from one place to another.
• Basic principle‌: Pneumatic conveyors use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials from one place to another through closed pipes. This conveying method can be carried out in horizontal, vertical or inclined directions, and during the conveying process, physical operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air flow classification of materials or certain chemical operations can be performed simultaneously.
• ‌System composition‌: Pneumatic conveying system usually consists of feeder, conveying pipeline, separator and ‌material warehouse. The feeder is responsible for feeding materials into the conveying pipeline, which is the main channel for material transmission. The separator is used to separate the transported gas and materials, and the material warehouse is the storage location of the materials.

pneumatic transfer system

Types of pneumatic conveying system

• Pneumatic conveying systems can be divided according to different classification standards, mainly including the following types:
• ‌Divided by conveying pressure‌: positive pressure, negative pressure, combined positive and negative pressure systems.
• Divided according to the transportation form: dilute phase, dense phase, semi-dense phase systems.
• ‌Divided by type‌: ‌suction type, ‌pressure type, ‌mixing type and ‌circulation type.
• ‌Divided according to the air flow speed in the conveying pipeline: suspension flow and slug flow.
• ‌Divided by sending device‌: ‌mechanical type and ‌barrel pressure type.
• ‌Divided according to the configuration of the transportation pipe: single pipe transportation and ‌double pipe transportation.
• ‌Divided according to the way of gas source supply: continuous gas supply and ‌pulse gas supply.

pneumatic transfer system

Pneumatic conveying system manufacturer

• Since its establishment in the early 1990s, Longgu Heavy Industry has become a diversified machinery enterprise integrating fan and pneumatic conveying equipment system engineering. Our company has advanced computer-aided design and manufacturing, CNC machining technology, and adopts information technologies such as computer-aided design and CAPPCT to improve product design and manufacturing accuracy and shorten the design and manufacturing cycle.
• Shandong Longgu Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd. has imported advanced and high-precision machining equipment from many countries, including fully automatic machining centers, CNC boring and milling machines, and dynamic balancing instruments. It has a high-level, large-scale, and modern mechanical processing and manufacturing workshop.
• The company has completed the implementation and control of its internal quality management system, achieving independent quality control of products from research and development design to finished product delivery. It has established and improved a full process self-control system from design and production to quality, installation, and service, providing sufficient basis and reliable guarantee for the stability and durability of products.
• We have cooperated with higher education institutions such as Shandong University, Shandong University of Technology, and Southwest University of Technology to strengthen the research and development of key core technologies. We have overcome technical difficulties and developed new products such as diesel engine driven Roots blowers, water-cooled dual tank Roots blowers, and low-noise Roots blowers, filling multiple industry gaps.
• At present, our company's main products include LGSR three leaf Roots blower, LGSR-V Roots vacuum pump, LGSR-H high-pressure blower series, bipolar series high-pressure, gas pressurized explosion-proof, pneumatic conveying series fans, steam compressors, LGMJ dense series fans, rotary fans, centrifugal fans, etc.
• Our company's products are widely used in industries such as sewage treatment, pneumatic conveying, vacuum packaging, grain processing, electricity, petrochemicals, cement, mining, and special gas pressurized conveying.
• We have close cooperative relationships with top domestic enterprises such as Sande Group, COFCO Group, and Shanshui Cement. Our company's sales outlets and after-sales service centers are located throughout the country and exported to countries such as Malaysia, India, Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, etc.
• The company adheres to the business philosophy of "product quality as the lifeblood of the enterprise", the work attitude of "being down-to-earth and doing things seriously", and the brand awareness of "self inspection by everyone and specialized quality inspection".
• We strive to create products with excellent performance and smooth operation, and dedicate ourselves to our customers.
• We sincerely hope to cooperate with you sincerely and create a beautiful chapter together!

Pneumatic conveying system diagram

How does a pneumatic transport system work?

• ‌The core working principle of a pneumatic transportation system is to use compressed air or airflow to create power in a pipeline to promote material transportation. ‌ The pneumatic transport system compresses air through an air compressor and sends it into a closed pipeline to form a flowing air flow. The material is loaded into a container or carrier, usually cylindrical or spherical, to reduce resistance and friction, and then inserted into the inlet of the pipe. Compressed air or airflow creates a force in the pipe that propels the container along the pipe. At the end of the pipeline, the container is taken out through a control device or valve to complete the material transfer process.
• The specific workflow of the pneumatic transportation system is as follows: First, the air source system provides compressed air, and the cargo is transported and processed through actuators such as cylinders and pneumatic valves. The control system monitors and controls the operating status of the entire system to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the transmission process. Auxiliary systems include pipelines, connectors, etc., which support the normal operation of the system. The entire system realizes material transportation through the internal air flow pressure difference, which is efficient and fast.
• The advantages of pneumatic transportation systems are that they are efficient, fast, safe and have low environmental pollution. It will not affect the quality of materials and achieve fully automated management and transportation. Compared with other modes of transportation, pneumatic transportation is safer and more reliable, and is especially suitable for catering, medical, heavy industry and other fields.

vacuum pneumatic conveying system

• Vacuum pneumatic conveying system, also known as negative pressure pneumatic conveying, is a technology that uses the force generated by the pressure difference between vacuum and atmosphere to convey or adsorb materials. Specifically, this system uses suction to move bulk dry materials, such as powders, from one place to another. The following is a detailed analysis of the vacuum pneumatic conveying system:

Working principle

• When the material enters a sealed conveying pipe, the air in the pipe is exhausted to form a vacuum environment. This vacuum environment causes the material to gain a forward thrust, and at the same time, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pipe also produces a forward thrust. Under the combined action of these two forces, the material slides in the pipeline and is transported to the target location.

System composition

• Vacuum pneumatic conveying system usually consists of the following parts:
• Air source: Provide the necessary vacuum or pressure environment.
• Sender: Sends material into the pipeline.
• Pipes: Materials are transported within pipes.
• Controller: monitors and controls the entire conveying process.
• Silo: stores materials to be transported.

working process

• The material is conveyed into a sealed conveying pipe. By controlling the flow and pressure of gas, materials are suspended or accumulated in the pipeline and move with the air flow. The low-pressure area formed inside the pipe is adsorbed on the inner wall of the pipe and moves with the air flow. During the conveying process, the system may regularly transfer the product to the vacuum receiver and open the discharge valve at the end of the timing to discharge the material into the designated process flow or storage facility.

advantage

• Simple structure: The structure of the pneumatic conveying device is relatively simple and easy to install and maintain.
• Easy to operate: The system is easy to operate and easy to control.
• Large conveying capacity: suitable for conveying large quantities of materials.
• Long conveying distance: capable of realizing long-distance material conveying.
• Wide scope of application: It can transport various loose, dry and non-sticky materials.
• High degree of automation: capable of realizing automatic control and remote monitoring.

Application areas

• Vacuum pneumatic conveying systems have been widely used in many fields, including but not limited to:
• Transportation of bulk materials in metallurgical and foundry factories.
• Transportation, dust collection, dust cleaning, etc. in flour mills, breweries and other food industries.
• Material transportation in pharmaceutical, chemical, ceramic, pigment, dye and other industries.
• Sewage discharge, cleaning, etc. in municipal and industrial fields.
• Application of vacuum suction methods in loading and unloading large equipment such as fish.
• Vacuum adsorption is used in the manufacturing of special fixtures, semiconductor components, optoelectronic components and sensors.

pneumatic conveyor working principle

• ‌‌The working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is to use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials in a closed pipe along the direction of the air flow. ‌This process is a specific application of fluidization technology, which uses pressurized air as the transport medium to transport materials from one place to another. The following is a detailed explanation of how pneumatic conveyors work:
• ‌Basic Principle‌: Pneumatic conveyors use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials from one place to another through closed pipes. This conveying method can be carried out in horizontal, vertical or inclined directions, and during the conveying process, physical operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air flow classification of materials or certain chemical operations can be performed simultaneously.

Pneumatic conveyor diagram

What is a pneumatic vacuum conveyor?

• ‌Pneumatic vacuum conveyor is a device that uses compressed air as a power source to generate negative pressure to transport various materials. ‌ It does not require a mechanical vacuum pump and has the advantages of simple structure, small size, maintenance-free, low noise, convenient control, elimination of static electricity in materials and compliance with GMP requirements.
• The working principle of the pneumatic vacuum conveyor is to drive the vacuum generator through compressed air to generate high vacuum, thereby realizing the transportation of materials. This kind of equipment is widely used in production and scientific research fields such as pharmaceuticals, food, chemicals, ceramics, feed, pigments, dyes, and agricultural products.

What is the difference between pressure conveying and vacuum conveying?

• ‌The main difference between pressure conveying and vacuum conveying lies in their different working principles and applicable scenarios. ‌ Pressure transportation uses a compressor to compress air and then transport materials through pipelines, while vacuum transportation uses a vacuum pump to extract the air in the pipeline to form a negative pressure environment to transport materials.
• The working principle of pressure transmission is to install the compressor at the front end of the system. After starting, the air is pressed into the pipeline. The pressure in the pipeline is higher than the atmospheric pressure and is in a positive pressure state. After the material comes down from the hopper, it is mixed with air through the throat and sent to the separator. The separated material is discharged from the unloader, and the air is purified by the dust collector and discharged‌1. Vacuum transportation is to install a vacuum pump at the end of the entire system. Through the pumping action of the vacuum pump, the gas pressure in the entire pipeline system is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, forming a negative pressure state. The material is sucked into the feeding pipe under negative pressure, separated by the separator and discharged.
• In terms of applicable scenarios, pressure conveying is suitable for feeding materials from one feeding point to multiple different places, and the pressure conveying system requires a well-sealed feeder at the feeding point to prevent material backflow, but does not require a discharger at the discharge point. Self-discharging‌1. Vacuum conveying is suitable for feeding materials from multiple different places to the same discharge point. There is no need for a feeder at the feeding point, but a well-sealed unloader is required at the discharge point to prevent material backflow‌1. In addition, vacuum conveying systems are more suitable when conveying fragile granules and powders.

pneumatic conveying system for powder

• Pneumatic powder conveying system is a system that uses gas as the conveying medium to convey powder from one place to another through pipelines. ‌This kind of system can be divided into various types such as suction type, pressure feeding type and suction pressure mixing type based on material characteristics, process configuration and material requirements.
• The main components of the powder pneumatic conveying system include powder collection tanks, filter systems and conveying pipelines. The powder collection tank is used to temporarily store inhaled powder materials, usually made of stainless steel, which is easy to clean and install; the filtration system is used to filter the air and dust in the powder collection tank to ensure the normal operation of the system; the conveying pipeline is for powder transportation The main channel‌.
• According to different classification standards, powder pneumatic conveying systems can be divided into the following categories:
• ‌Medium and low pressure positive pressure pneumatic conveying system‌: Using Roots blower and centrifuge as the air source, it is suitable for short-distance, low-pressure transportation and has the characteristics of reliable transportation‌.
• ‌Low vacuum negative pressure pneumatic conveying system‌: Negative pressure is generated through a vacuum pump, which is suitable for long-distance and large-scale powder transportation. It has the advantages of reliable sealing and suitable for large-scale transportation.
• ‌Rotary valve high-pressure pneumatic conveying system‌: Uses high-pressure gas for continuous conveying, suitable for medium and long-distance transportation, and suitable for conveying easy-flowing particulate matter‌.
• Powder pneumatic conveying systems are widely used, including fly ash in power plants, cement in cement plants, powder for metallurgy, etc.

pneumatic conveying system for powder

Pneumatic conveyor working principle

• ‌‌The working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is to use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials in a closed pipe along the direction of the air flow. ‌This process is a specific application of fluidization technology, which uses pressurized air as the transport medium to transport materials from one place to another.
• Basic Principle‌: Pneumatic conveyors use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials from one place to another through closed pipes. This conveying method can be carried out in horizontal, vertical or inclined directions, and during the conveying process, physical operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air flow classification of materials or certain chemical operations can be performed simultaneously.
• ‌System composition‌: Pneumatic conveying system usually consists of feeder, conveying pipeline, separator and ‌material warehouse. The feeder is responsible for feeding materials into the conveying pipeline, which is the main channel for material transmission. The separator is used to separate the transported gas and materials, and the material warehouse is the storage location of the materials.

Pneumatic conveyor diagram

Dense phase pneumatic conveying system

• Dense phase pneumatic conveying technology realizes the transportation of bulk materials by forming a pressure difference along the pipeline and using air to move to areas with lower pressure. This process can be done with a vacuum inducer or by injecting compressed air into one end of the pipe or along the pipe. A small amount of air is used to move a large amount of closely connected block material through a conveyor line, much like an extrusion. Dilute phase conveying systems typically use large volumes of air to convey relatively small amounts of suspended material at high speeds, while dense phase conveying systems have the advantage of being able to efficiently move denser solid particles through the conveyor line at relatively low speeds.
• type:
• Dense Phase Pressure Conveying – This method is typically used to convey abrasive or friable materials over long distances at very low speeds. Materials commonly transferred by this method are hazelnuts, cocoa beans, cereals, candies and glass granules. This system is known to have the advantage of stopping or starting conveyor lines filled with material.
• Dense Phase Vacuum Conveying – This type is used to convey abrasive or friable materials at low speeds over short distances. Dense phase vacuum conveying is commonly used to unload materials from railcars and trucks in a fluid state. It has also been used in pharmaceutical and food applications.
• Features:
• Since the conveying pipe is densely packed with bulk materials, air cannot "slip" through the materials, which is a common reason for the inefficiency of the pneumatic conveying system. If slippage is eliminated, efficiency increases.
• When the conveying pipe is filled to its maximum, only a small portion of the particles remain in contact with the conveying pipe at any given time. Most particles remain inside the pipe, reducing pipe wear.
• Under a given transfer rate and pipe diameter, the conveying speed can be reduced by increasing the density of the material in the pipe.
  principle:
  The dense phase conveying pump is a relatively reliable dense phase dynamic pressure pneumatic conveying device for conveying powdery materials under high pressure (below about 1000kPa). There are two unloading methods of dense phase pumps. Bottom discharging is a common method. The material in the tank is fluidized through aeration through a conical surface aeration tank, air injection from a nozzle, or other methods; a fluidized aeration plate layer is provided at the bottom to allow the material to be fluidized. The material is discharged from the upper part of the tank, and the distribution of the conveying gas on different input planes in the tank depends on the properties of the conveyed material.

pneumatic conveying system for powder

How is pneumatic conveying system calculated?

• The calculation of the pneumatic conveying system mainly includes the following aspects: calculation of system preset parameters, calculation of transportation capacity, calculation of gas volume flow, calculation of gas pressure drop, etc. ‌
• Calculations for pneumatic conveying systems involve several key parameters, including:
• Solid-to-gas ratio‌: The ratio of the mass of materials transported per unit time to the mass of air passing through the pipeline at the same time.
• ‌Air flow velocity‌: including gas velocity, solid velocity, suspension velocity, settling velocity, etc.‌.
• ‌Conveying distance and pipe diameter‌: affect the calculation of gas pressure drop‌.
• ‌Material characteristics‌: including the specific gravity, particle size, etc. of the material, which affect the calculation of transportation capacity and gas volume flow rate.

Pneumatic conveying design guide

• Pneumatic Conveying Equipment Design and Installation Guide
• Preparation work before design:
• Before designing pneumatic conveying equipment, the following preparatory work needs to be carried out:
• 1.Determine the nature and characteristics of the conveyed materials, including the particle size, density, humidity and other parameters of the materials, so as to select the appropriate conveying equipment and pipeline size.
• 2.Determine the conveying distance and height to determine the required air flow pressure and fan power.
• 3.Consider environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, dust, etc., in order to select suitable materials and protective measures.

Equipment selection and sizing:

• According to the nature and transportation requirements of the material, select appropriate pneumatic conveying equipment, including pneumatic conveying pipelines, fans, pneumatic conveying pumps, etc. At the same time, the required pipe size and fan power are determined based on the conveying distance and height. When selecting and sizing equipment, you also need to consider the reliability, maintainability and affordability of the equipment.

Piping layout and installation:

• 1.Design a reasonable pipeline layout according to the flow direction and transportation requirements of the transported materials. Keep straight sections of pipe as short as possible to avoid excessive bends and drag.
• 2.Determine the material and connection method of the pipeline. Commonly used materials include steel, stainless steel and plastic. Choose the appropriate connection method, such as welding, threaded connection or flange connection.
• 3.When installing pipelines, ensure that the pipelines are smooth and firm to avoid vibration and air leakage of the pipelines. At the same time, attention should be paid to the insulation and anti-corrosion measures of pipelines to extend the service life of the equipment.

Installation of fans and pneumatic transfer pumps:

• 1.When installing the fan, choose a suitable location to ensure that the air inlet and outlet of the fan are unobstructed. At the same time, pay attention to the fixation and balance of the fan to reduce vibration and noise.
• 2.When installing a pneumatic conveying pump, the appropriate pump type and installation method must be selected according to the nature of the material and the conveying requirements. At the same time, the sealing and reliability of the pump must be ensured to avoid leakage and blockage.

Safety measures and maintenance:

• When using pneumatic conveying equipment, pay attention to the following safety measures and maintenance:
• 1.Check and clean pipes regularly to avoid accumulation of materials and blockage.
• 2.Regularly inspect and maintain fans and pneumatic delivery pumps to ensure their normal operation and safety.

Pneumatic conveyor working principle

• ‌‌The working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is to use the action of air flow to transport materials from one place to another. ‌It generates airflow by ‌compressing air or other gases to suspend materials in the airflow, thereby achieving fast and efficient transportation. Specifically, the working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is based on the principle of pneumatic conveying. First, air flow is generated by compressed air or other gases to form a certain air flow speed and pressure. Then, the material is sent into the conveying pipe through the feeding device (such as the feeding hopper). The material will be picked up by the air flow, suspended in the air flow, and transported along the pipe with the push of the air flow. Finally, the materials are discharged to the destination through the discharge port.
• The structure of a pneumatic conveyor mainly includes a feeding device, a pipeline system, an air source device, a separation device, a control system, etc. The feeding device is responsible for feeding materials into the conveying pipeline. Common ones include feeding hoppers, rotary valves, etc. The pipeline system is the main channel for material transportation. The air source device provides the necessary compressed air or other gases. The separation device is used to separate materials and gases. The control system is used for automatic control of the entire process.

What is the formula for pneumatic conveying?

• Gas volume flow calculation formula:
• Q = qn / (1 - ε) [（G / A）^k （ρ / ρ0）^m P^(1-k-m [(Z1 / Z2) ((T1 + 273) / (T2 + 273))Q：gas volume flow，m3/h
• qn：Gas standard volume flow，m3/min
• ε：gas wear rate
• G：Mass flow rate of conveyed materials，kg/h
• A：given cross-sectional area，m2
• ρ：Conveyed material density，kg/m3
• ρ0：Standard density，1.2 kg/m3
• P：pressure，kPa
• k、m：Constants determined by the fluid state
• Z1、Z2：Import and export gas compression
• T1、T2：Inlet and outlet gas temperature，℃

Gas pressure drop calculation formula：

• ΔP = [f (L / D) ρ V_mean^2 2
• ΔP：pressure drop，kPa
• f：Friction coefficient
• L：Conveying distance，m
• D：Pipe diameter，m
• ρ：gas density，kg/m3
• V_mean：average air velocity，m/s

Conveying capacity calculation formula：

• F = Q / ρ
• F：Conveying capacity，kg/h
• Q：gas volume flow，m3/h
• ρ：Conveyed material density，kg/m3

Pneumatic conveying design guide

• Pneumatic Conveying Equipment Design and Installation Guide
• Preparation work before design:
• Before designing pneumatic conveying equipment, the following preparatory work needs to be carried out:
• 1.Determine the nature and characteristics of the conveyed materials, including the particle size, density, humidity and other parameters of the materials, so as to select the appropriate conveying equipment and pipeline size.
• 2.Determine the conveying distance and height to determine the required air flow pressure and fan power.
• 3.Consider environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, dust, etc., in order to select suitable materials and protective measures.

Equipment selection and sizing:

• According to the nature and transportation requirements of the material, select appropriate pneumatic conveying equipment, including pneumatic conveying pipelines, fans, pneumatic conveying pumps, etc. At the same time, the required pipe size and fan power are determined based on the conveying distance and height. When selecting and sizing equipment, you also need to consider the reliability, maintainability and affordability of the equipment.

Piping layout and installation:

• 1.Design a reasonable pipeline layout according to the flow direction and transportation requirements of the transported materials. Keep straight sections of pipe as short as possible to avoid excessive bends and drag.
• 2.Determine the material and connection method of the pipeline. Commonly used materials include steel, stainless steel and plastic. Choose the appropriate connection method, such as welding, threaded connection or flange connection.
• 3.When installing pipelines, ensure that the pipelines are smooth and firm to avoid vibration and air leakage of the pipelines. At the same time, attention should be paid to the insulation and anti-corrosion measures of pipelines to extend the service life of the equipment.

Installation of fans and pneumatic transfer pumps:

• 1.When installing the fan, choose a suitable location to ensure that the air inlet and outlet of the fan are unobstructed. At the same time, pay attention to the fixation and balance of the fan to reduce vibration and noise.
• 2.When installing a pneumatic conveying pump, the appropriate pump type and installation method must be selected according to the nature of the material and the conveying requirements. At the same time, the sealing and reliability of the pump must be ensured to avoid leakage and blockage.

Safety measures and maintenance:

• When using pneumatic conveying equipment, pay attention to the following safety measures and maintenance:
• 1.Check and clean pipes regularly to avoid accumulation of materials and blockage.
• 2.Regularly inspect and maintain fans and pneumatic delivery pumps to ensure their normal operation and safety.

Pneumatic conveyor working principle

• ‌‌The working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is to use the action of air flow to transport materials from one place to another. ‌It generates airflow by ‌compressing air or other gases to suspend materials in the airflow, thereby achieving fast and efficient transportation. Specifically, the working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is based on the principle of pneumatic conveying. First, air flow is generated by compressed air or other gases to form a certain air flow speed and pressure. Then, the material is sent into the conveying pipe through the feeding device (such as the feeding hopper). The material will be picked up by the air flow, suspended in the air flow, and transported along the pipe with the push of the air flow. Finally, the materials are discharged to the destination through the discharge port.
• The structure of a pneumatic conveyor mainly includes a feeding device, a pipeline system, an air source device, a separation device, a control system, etc. The feeding device is responsible for feeding materials into the conveying pipeline. Common ones include feeding hoppers, rotary valves, etc. The pipeline system is the main channel for material transportation. The air source device provides the necessary compressed air or other gases. The separation device is used to separate materials and gases. The control system is used for automatic control of the entire process.

What is the formula for pneumatic conveying?

• Gas volume flow calculation formula:
• Q = qn / (1 - ε) [（G / A）^k （ρ / ρ0）^m P^(1-k-m [(Z1 / Z2) ((T1 + 273) / (T2 + 273))Q：gas volume flow，m3/h
• qn：Gas standard volume flow，m3/min
• ε：gas wear rate
• G：Mass flow rate of conveyed materials，kg/h
• A：given cross-sectional area，m2
• ρ：Conveyed material density，kg/m3
• ρ0：Standard density，1.2 kg/m3
• P：pressure，kPa
• k、m：Constants determined by the fluid state
• Z1、Z2：Import and export gas compression
• T1、T2：Inlet and outlet gas temperature，℃

Gas pressure drop calculation formula：

• ΔP = [f (L / D) ρ V_mean^2 2
• ΔP：pressure drop，kPa
• f：Friction coefficient
• L：Conveying distance，m
• D：Pipe diameter，m
• ρ：gas density，kg/m3
• V_mean：average air velocity，m/s

Conveying capacity calculation formula：

• F = Q / ρ
• F：Conveying capacity，kg/h
• Q：gas volume flow，m3/h
• ρ：Conveyed material density，kg/m3