vacuum pneumatic conveying system

Vacuum pneumatic conveying system, also known as negative pressure pneumatic conveying, is a technology that uses the force generated by the pressure difference between vacuum and atmosphere to convey or adsorb materials. Specifically, this system uses suction to move bulk dry materials, such as powders, from one place to another. The following is a detailed analysis of the vacuum pneumatic conveying system:

Working principle

When the material enters a sealed conveying pipe, the air in the pipe is exhausted to form a vacuum environment. This vacuum environment causes the material to gain a forward thrust, and at the same time, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pipe also produces a forward thrust. Under the combined action of these two forces, the material slides in the pipeline and is transported to the target location.

System composition

Vacuum pneumatic conveying system usually consists of the following parts:
Air source: Provide the necessary vacuum or pressure environment.
Sender: Sends material into the pipeline.
Pipes: Materials are transported within pipes.
Controller: monitors and controls the entire conveying process.
Silo: stores materials to be transported.

working process

The material is conveyed into a sealed conveying pipe. By controlling the flow and pressure of gas, materials are suspended or accumulated in the pipeline and move with the air flow. The low-pressure area formed inside the pipe is adsorbed on the inner wall of the pipe and moves with the air flow. During the conveying process, the system may regularly transfer the product to the vacuum receiver and open the discharge valve at the end of the timing to discharge the material into the designated process flow or storage facility.

advantage

Simple structure: The structure of the pneumatic conveying device is relatively simple and easy to install and maintain.
Easy to operate: The system is easy to operate and easy to control.
Large conveying capacity: suitable for conveying large quantities of materials.
Long conveying distance: capable of realizing long-distance material conveying.
Wide scope of application: It can transport various loose, dry and non-sticky materials.
High degree of automation: capable of realizing automatic control and remote monitoring.

Application areas

Vacuum pneumatic conveying systems have been widely used in many fields, including but not limited to:
Transportation of bulk materials in metallurgical and foundry factories.
Transportation, dust collection, dust cleaning, etc. in flour mills, breweries and other food industries.
Material transportation in pharmaceutical, chemical, ceramic, pigment, dye and other industries.
Sewage discharge, cleaning, etc. in municipal and industrial fields.
Application of vacuum suction methods in loading and unloading large equipment such as fish.
Vacuum adsorption is used in the manufacturing of special fixtures, semiconductor components, optoelectronic components and sensors.

pneumatic conveyor working principle

‌‌The working principle of a pneumatic conveyor is to use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials in a closed pipe along the direction of the air flow. ‌This process is a specific application of fluidization technology, which uses pressurized air as the transport medium to transport materials from one place to another. The following is a detailed explanation of how pneumatic conveyors work:
‌Basic Principle‌: Pneumatic conveyors use the energy of air flow to transport granular materials from one place to another through closed pipes. This conveying method can be carried out in horizontal, vertical or inclined directions, and during the conveying process, physical operations such as heating, cooling, drying and air flow classification of materials or certain chemical operations can be performed simultaneously.

Pneumatic conveyor diagram

What is a pneumatic vacuum conveyor?

‌Pneumatic vacuum conveyor is a device that uses compressed air as a power source to generate negative pressure to transport various materials. ‌ It does not require a mechanical vacuum pump and has the advantages of simple structure, small size, maintenance-free, low noise, convenient control, elimination of static electricity in materials and compliance with GMP requirements.
The working principle of the pneumatic vacuum conveyor is to drive the vacuum generator through compressed air to generate high vacuum, thereby realizing the transportation of materials. This kind of equipment is widely used in production and scientific research fields such as pharmaceuticals, food, chemicals, ceramics, feed, pigments, dyes, and agricultural products.

What is the difference between pressure conveying and vacuum conveying?

‌The main difference between pressure conveying and vacuum conveying lies in their different working principles and applicable scenarios. ‌ Pressure transportation uses a compressor to compress air and then transport materials through pipelines, while vacuum transportation uses a vacuum pump to extract the air in the pipeline to form a negative pressure environment to transport materials.
The working principle of pressure transmission is to install the compressor at the front end of the system. After starting, the air is pressed into the pipeline. The pressure in the pipeline is higher than the atmospheric pressure and is in a positive pressure state. After the material comes down from the hopper, it is mixed with air through the throat and sent to the separator. The separated material is discharged from the unloader, and the air is purified by the dust collector and discharged‌1. Vacuum transportation is to install a vacuum pump at the end of the entire system. Through the pumping action of the vacuum pump, the gas pressure in the entire pipeline system is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, forming a negative pressure state. The material is sucked into the feeding pipe under negative pressure, separated by the separator and discharged.
In terms of applicable scenarios, pressure conveying is suitable for feeding materials from one feeding point to multiple different places, and the pressure conveying system requires a well-sealed feeder at the feeding point to prevent material backflow, but does not require a discharger at the discharge point. Self-discharging‌1. Vacuum conveying is suitable for feeding materials from multiple different places to the same discharge point. There is no need for a feeder at the feeding point, but a well-sealed unloader is required at the discharge point to prevent material backflow‌1. In addition, vacuum conveying systems are more suitable when conveying fragile granules and powders.